Product Differentiation and Positioning
Traditional positioning is done via 2 competing forces
- Price
- Uniqueness
Uniqueness relates to the degree of differentiation, which can be divided into 2 main areas:
- Merchandise
- Support
And produces the following possibilities:
- An offer differentiated by both merchandise and support can be classified as a system
- Undifferentiated by both merchandise and support then the offer is a commodity (common, like bread and milk)
- Differentiated by merchandise but not by support and the offer is a product
- Differentiated by support but not by merchandise and the offer is a service
This produces a declining scale of uniqueness: System > Product or Service > Commodity
And the customer is the final judge and jurer on this matter.
If your customer does not appreciate the way in which you are differentiated, if he or she does not see your offer as significantly, substantially unique from your competitors, then really you are not differentiated, and are simply offering a commodity. Because the customer will see no special value in your offer over your competitors offer in terms of merchandise or support.
In which case you are probably to compete on price, unless you can find a genuine way to differentiate your offer in the minds of your prospect. This is ?brand/product positioning?.
Methods of Differentiation
There are 2 ways to differentiate merchandise:
- By content (tangible attributes) or
- By image (perceived attributes).